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Node.js

Also known as: Node

Quick Definition

Node.js is a JavaScript runtime that lets developers run JavaScript on servers and build scalable network applications.

Expanded Explanation

Node.js runs JavaScript outside the browser using Google's V8 engine and an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model. It powers everything from real-time chat servers to full API backends and CLI tools.

Real-world Applications

REST and GraphQL APIs
Real-time apps with WebSockets
Serverless functions
Build tooling and CLIs
Advantages
  • Single language across stack
  • Huge package ecosystem (npm)
  • Great for I/O-bound workloads
Limitations
  • Single-threaded for CPU-heavy tasks
  • Callback and async pitfalls if misused
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